Some act to impress a person of the opposite sex himalaya herbals uk generic 1pack slip inn otc, some act to gain notoriety xena herbals 1pack slip inn otc, some just thrive on the attention derived from the overwhelming law enforcement response a "hero in need" seems to produce rumi herbals best slip inn 1pack. For law enforcement to be considered a "profession" and not just an occupation 18 herbals slip inn 1pack line, we must self-police our own ranks and vigorously select, train, and hold to the highest of standards, only those officer candidates with the mental fortitude and ethical and moral attributes of a leader. This starts with facing the issue head on, as the fire service has done, by commissioning an in depth and academic study of why police officers commit these acts, are there indicators present that can be discerned in the hiring process, and ultimately, holding law enforcement managers accountable for taking action. Law enforcement managers and investigators should be cautious in their use of the "Garrity" warning versus the "Miranda" warning. While Garrity allows an employer to compel an employee to answer questions or face termination, any statements made under the Garrity cannot subsequently be utilized in any criminal proceeding. The process of issuing Garrity rights to an employee has hampered many hero syndrome event investigations, ultimately allowing the alleged offender to be terminated, but never prosecuted, nor decertified. The law enforcement profession must quit passing off bad officers to the ranks of another department. Law enforcement managers must actively seek out and investigate thoroughly, all officers that find themselves in "heroic" events. This will ensure the true heroes integrity is maintained and recognized, and the "false prophets" are vetted out and aggressively dealt with, removing them from law enforcement permanently. Police managers, whether appointed or elected, must exhibit the moral and ethical fortitude we look for in applicants and apply it to these cases, so as to decertify, prosecute, and ultimately, eliminate these officers from our ranks. The military coined the phrase "stolen valor" for those soldiers who claim credit for valorous acts which did not happen. The law enforcement profession should feel violated every time an officer commits an act of "hero syndrome," for those un-scrupulous acts steal a part of the Hero Syndrome 14 the valor deserved by the men and women who are the silent professionals, providing a blanket of protection for the citizens of their community, many of whom will never actually know one another, yet selflessly serve. Measuring Impact on Animal Welfare 9 Why must animal welfare be measured at the Brooke? Introduction Animal welfare refers to the physical and emotional state that is impacted by the environment in which the animal lives and works, human attitudes and practices, and resources available to it. Welfare is an everchanging state in which all of these factors can and will cause welfare to fluctuate between good, bad and somewhere in between on a near constant basis. In some cases we have to be concerned because the law says so, in other ways we should because evidence leads to evolving ethical views on what is right. Domesticated animals work hard to provide us with many of the things that enable us to survive and thrive. Just as we humans expect to be paid, or at least reap some personal benefit from a long day of hard work, animals deserve support for all the hard work they do that makes our lives easier and secures our livelihoods it is the least we can do for them. Animals are fully contributing members of our communities that can feel pain, fear and stress as well as a wide range of positive emotions - we must look out for our fellow community members as best we can to ensure a happy, healthy and peaceful community. In some countries, legislation is in place to protect animal welfare and it is a legal requirement to provide for the needs of animals. At the Brooke we need to help people meet their responsibilities despite the constraints which come from factors such as the environment, poverty, lowstatus and restricted access to resources for their families and animals. There are multiple existing concepts of what animal welfare means, which are used in different ways for different reasons. They apply to all animals, and remind us what to provide and look for to appraise welfare. While it may not be realistic to expect a working animal to ever be able to achieve all five freedoms at the same time, it is important owners and users are aware that the time and resources invested contributes to the welfare state of the animal. The framework is general to all animals and requires knowledge of species-specific wants and needs to contribute towards the freedoms listed. As an internationally known framework, it helps individuals speak a common language of welfare with others. Disease and injury cause unpleasant feelings such as pain, confusion and distress, so health is an important aspect of animal welfare. Quality of Life encompasses more than health, however, it includes positive and negative experiences; such as enjoyment, frustration and anxiety which may be caused by how the animal is cared for (Parker & Yeates 2012). It is judged over time (cumulative) and takes into account possible expectations of animals for what they need (survival) and want (choice). For example, pain and discomfort are emotional experiences, and therefore many physical problems include an emotional component because of pain. It highlights the importance of emotions and natural lives, beyond physical health. According to background and experience, people assign importance differently to the different components of physical, natural or emotional. Harmful cultural practices (firing, nostril slitting), lack of supporting infrastructure (good farriers, saddlers and healthcare). Weaknesses the complex interaction of factors means it is unlikely to address them all at once. It includes the Nutrition, Environment and Health domains which focus on physical problems. How many domains are fulfilled is more important for the animal than improvement in a few separate indicators. The environment affects behaviour and mental states are closely associated with health and nutrition. To identify whether welfare issues vary by factors such as season, work type, animal age, gender or owner practices. This information is then useful to tailor a programme towards a particular group or time, or to target animals with the worst problems or a community which is willing to engage with us for example To identify the welfare issues which are occurring within an equine population and community To identify the prevalence and severity of different welfare issues What is happening to the level of welfare in the population To learn if changes are due to the intervention or they only reflect common trends in the local area? Formal and Informal Appraisal of Welfare at the Brooke Animal welfare can be measured formally, with tools, and informally, through judgements based on experience. Community engagement tools are also used to appraisal human knowledge, attitudes and practices which affect animal welfare. It increases learning and knowledge gained, which is itself a form of evidence Through examining the animal and speaking to the owner and service providers, the causes of welfare problems can be identified at the same time as collecting data. This information helps to determine the intervention required Explicit definition of scoring criteria reduces scope for observer bias Data collection is minimally invasive to the animal Data can be analysed on many different levels there is flexibility to suit varying organisational requirements. How welfare is informally appraised at the Brooke It should be carried out every time you visit a location that animals are present Appraisal of the conditions required of communities: communities have the capability to improve equine welfare. Information collected directly from the animal gives the most reliable representation of its welfare state and extent of coping with its environment. Observing an animal Speaking to the owner, user or local service provider Walking around the community, animal living shelters or work area Looking at how the animals are described in conversations, in the media Observing how other species are cared for. Category Parameter Aspects for consideration when observing the animal and work or rest environment the apparent extent of comfort it is experiencing at the time of observation the apparent extent of happiness it is experiencing at the time of observation the apparent extent of overall welfare it is experiencing at the time of observation the work/rest environment will be observed with consideration of: Risks of potential injury Risks of fear/startling. Extending the "Five Domains" model for animal welfare assessment to incorporate positive welfare states. The various images of Susan Smith that circulated at the time of her trial reveal a subtle discursive change in the way that Americans think about the institution of motherhood. Each of these images-ideal, middle-class "mom"; racist Southern white woman; working-class, single mother; scheming adulteress; abused small-town girl; and psychological victim-is based on a gendered reading of Smith in relation to the various men in her life. This negative gendered base is, I argue, the key to understanding the enduring cultural obsession with Susan Smith. Using scholarship from many disciplines, as well as primary sources ranging from the extensive media coverage to personal interviews, I place the Susan Smith drama within the cultural context of the "backlash" and the rise of conservatism in the 1980s and 1990s. The transformation of the public representations of Smith reveals a cautious retreat from the overwhelming idealization of motherhood that characterized previous decades. I argue that a feminist analysis of this difficult case is one way of tracking changes in dominant American ideas about gender, race, and class, as refracted through the institution of motherhood. Shirley McCloud opened the door to discover a woman in her early twenties crying hysterically on the front porch. The young woman, Susan Smith-who, from that night on, would be a household name-sputtered out the horrifying information that would hold the nation spellbound for the next nine days. She told the McClouds how she pleaded with him to let her take the children, and she repeated this story for nine days to investigators and reporters from around the country. Americans rallied behind the tragic figure of the young mother who called on God and the good will of the people to help her find her missing babies. Susan gave television and newspaper interviews daily while her neighbors combed the local woods, double-checked the locks on their doors, and hugged their children close. Authorities, frustrated by the complete absence of clues despite their careful combing of Union County, increasingly focused the investigation on the Smiths and especially on Susan, the only witness to the crime.
If the forces placed on the tendon are greater than the strength of the structure herbals to boost metabolism order 1pack slip inn with mastercard, then injury can occur herbals in tamil safe slip inn 1pack. Tissue breakdown occurs triggering an inflammatory response that leads to tendonitis and even partial tears herbs de provence walmart buy slip inn 1pack low price. Chronic tendon injuries are much more common in older athletes (30 to 50 years old) greenwood herbals generic slip inn 1pack overnight delivery. Pain from quadriceps tendonitis is felt in the area at the bottom of the thigh, just above the patella. The more you move your knee, the more tenderness develops in the area of the tendon attachment above the kneecap. The pain can be mild or in some cases the pain can be severe enough to keep the runner from running or other athletes from participating in their sport. Diagnosis begins with a complete history of your knee problem followed by an examination of the knee, including the patella. There is usually tenderness with palpation of the inflamed tissues at the insertion of the tendon into the bone. The knee will be assessed for range of motion, strength, flexibility and joint stability. The physician will look for intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting the knee (especially sudden changes in training habits). The doctor will also check to see if the quadriceps tendon is partially torn or ruptured. An X-ray can show fractures or the presence of calcium deposits in the quadriceps muscle but X-rays do not show soft tissue injuries. Nonsurgical Treatment relative rest and anti-inflammatory medications, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, especially when the problem is coming from overuse. Relative rest is a term used to describe a process of rest-to-recovery based on the severity of symptoms. Pain at rest means strict rest and a short time of immobilization in a splint or brace is required. Physical therapy can help in the early stages by decreasing pain and inflammation. Your physical therapist may use ice massage, electrical stimulation, and ultrasound to limit pain and control (but not completely prevent) swelling. The therapist will prescribe stretching and strengthening exercises to correct any muscle imbalances. Eccentric muscle strength training helps prevent and treat injuries that occur when high stresses are placed on the tendon during closed kinetic chain activities. Closed kinetic chain activities means the foot is planted on the floor as the knee bends or straightens. Specific exercises are used to maximize control and strength of the quadriceps muscles. You will be shown how to ease back into jumping or running sports using good training techniques. Off-season strength training of the legs, particularly the quadriceps muscles is advised. Bracing or taping the patella can help you do exercises and activities with less pain. Most braces for patellofemoral problems are made the initial treatment for acute quadriceps tendonitis begins by decreasing the inflammation in the knee. A small buttress pads the side of the patella to keep it lined up within the groove of the femur. The therapist applies and adjusts the tape over the knee to help realign the patella. The idea is that by bracing or taping the knee, the patella stays in better alignment within the femoral groove. This in turn is thought to improve the pull of the quadriceps muscle so that the patella stays lined up in the groove. Therapists also design special shoe inserts, called orthotics, to improve knee alignment and function of the patella. Prevention of future injuries through patient education is a key component of the treatment program. Coaches, trainers, and therapists can work together to design a training program that allows you to continue training without irritating the tendon and surrounding tissues. Icing should be limited to no more than 20 minutes to avoid reflex vasodilation (increased circulation to the area to rewarm it causing further swelling). Heat may be used in cases of chronic tendinosis to stimulate blood circulation and promote tissue healing. Whenever you have to miss exercising for any reason or when training for a specific event, adjust your training schedule accordingly. Surgery Surgery is rarely needed when a wide range of protective measures, relative rest, ice, support, and rehab are used. If nonsurgical treatment fails to improve your condition, then surgery may be suggested. Surgery is designed to stimulate healing through revascularization (restoring blood supply). If your problem requires a more involved surgical procedure where bone must be cut to allow moving the quadriceps tendon attachment, you may need to spend one or two nights in the hospital. That means the condition will resolve with rest, activity modification, and physical therapy. Recurrence of the problem is common for patients who fail to let the quadriceps tendon recover fully before resuming training or other aggravating activities. The aim of treatment is to calm pain and inflammation, to correct muscle imbalances, and to improve the function of the quadriceps mechanism. With a well-planned rehabilitation program, most patients are able to return to their previous level of activity without recurring symptoms. More involved surgeries for patellar realignment or restorative procedures for tendon tissue require a delay before going to therapy. And rehabilitation may be slower to allow the tendon to heal before too much strain can be put on the knee. The first few physical therapy treatments are designed to help control the pain and swelling from the surgery. The physical therapist will choose exercises to help improve knee motion and to get the quadriceps muscles toned and active again. Muscle stimulation, using electrodes over the quadriceps muscle, may be needed at first to get the muscle moving again. The key is to get the soft tissues in balance through safe stretching and gradual strengthening. The therapist will continue to be a resource, but you will be in charge of doing your exercises as part of an ongoing home program. Nonetheless, even Feldman was startled by what transpired when he gathered 121 college students to engage in tenminuteconversationswithsomeonetheyhadjustmet. Lyingis just part of everyday life, they told the University of Massachusetts psychologist. When they had several hundred subjects record every lie they told in the courseofaweek,CaliforniasociologistsNoelieRodriguezandAlanRygrave were as surprised as Robert Feldman was by the sheer volume of lies recorded. They slid into the conversational flow as easily as a car merging onto an uncrowded freeway. Based on their findings, Rodriguez and Rygrave speculated that during any conversation at allitcouldbethat"lyingisnotonlyapossibleaction,butapreferredone. Theyare the most visible face of a far broader phenomenon: the routinization of dishonesty. Ludwig Wittgenstein once observed how often he lied when the truth would have done just as well. Pollsters detect rising concern about falling ethics, especially among older cohorts. Surveys in the United States and elsewhere confirmthattruthfulnessisstilloneofourmosthighlyvaluedtraits. An earlier poll of citizens in ten western European countries foundthathonestyheadedthequalitiestheymostwantedtoinstillinchildren. In biannual surveys conductedbytheJosephsonInstituteofEthicsinMarinaDelRey,California, the vast majority of thousands of middle school, high school, and college studentsexpresssatisfactionwiththeirethicsandcharacter.
As clinical psychology has evolved and more and more information on human behavior has become available rm herbals purchase 1pack slip inn with mastercard, practitioners have endeavored to specialize in areas such as neuropsychology shivalik herbals proven slip inn 1pack, geropsychology baikal herbals best slip inn 1pack, brief treatments quantum herbals buy 1pack slip inn mastercard, health psychology, infant psychology, and forensic psychology. Some have expressed concern about overspecialization and loss of valuable general skills (Matarazzo, 1987; Plante, 1996b), arguing that it is important for psychologists to realize that there is only one psychology, with many different applications. Specialization has also resulted in further certification requirements for psychologists. For example, Division 40 (Neuropsychology) and Division 38 (Health Psychology) have developed guidelines regarding the appropriate training and experience necessary to specialize in these areas. The potential access to prescription privileges in the future will create yet another new specialty area for psychologists. Thus, a generic psychologist license no longer allows someone to practice in all areas of professional practice. Empirically Supported Treatments Historically psychologists and other providers of professional psychological services could evaluate and treat each patient as they saw fit. They could choose to use any treatment strategies, theoretical orientations, and methods that they felt were clinically indicated. Treatment could be short or long, insight oriented or behavior-change oriented, and conducted with or without research support. But the drastic changes in health care have forced mental health professionals to examine more closely effective treatment outcome and client satisfaction, and have resulted in efforts to use only empirically supported treatments, that is, structured treatment approaches that have substantial research support. Chambless & Ollendick, 2001; Task Force on Promotion and Dissemination of Psychological Procedures, 1995). One example of an empirically supported treatment manual is the one authored by Robin F. Stewart Agras from Stanford University School of Medicine entitled, Overcoming Eating Disorders: A Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Bulimia Nervosa and BingeEating Disorder (1997). The manual is typical of other empirically supported treatment manuals in that it provides an easy to read and understand step-by-step program to change a problematic behavior. The manual examines some of the typical problems associated with behavior change such as motivation and willingness to change, emotional issues that get in the way of effective behavior change, and so on. The manual then provides an overview of the treatment process and separates the program into several key phases. These include a behavior change phase, an identifying binge trigger phase, and a relapse prevention phase. Subsequent chapters examine understanding more about eating patterns, binge-eating cycles, and ways to think more productively about weight, body shape, and form. Additional chapters focus on feared or special problematic foods, understanding binge triggers, interpersonal and emotional triggers for eating, and ways to maintain changes after treatment is completed. Throughout the manual, there are many exercises, charts, workbook questions and answers, homework exercises, tips from the experts, and so forth. The therapist and client work through the workbook step-by-step in a structured format. Current and Future Trends and Challenges review of the treatment outcome literature to develop these guidelines. Empirically supported treatment approaches have been developed for a variety of clinical problems (Nathan & Gorman, 2002) such as depression (Cornes & Frank, 1994), anxiety (M. Newman & Borkovec, 1995), obsessivecompulsive disorder (Foa, 1996), bulimia nervosa (G. Wilson, 1997), and conduct disordered children (Feldman & Kazdin, 1995; Kazdin & Weise, 2003). The Appendix at the end of the chapter provides examples of empirically validated treatments for several disorders. Some professionals feel that because individuals are unique and have different personalities, symptoms, and coping resources, it is impossible to fit the same treatment approach to every patient based on empirical research support (B. Cooper, 2003; Fensterheim & Raw, 1996; Garfield, 1996; Ingram, Kendall, & Chen, 1991; M. Therefore, many clinicians resist being instructed to provide treatments that they feel may not be useful to particular patients. Others, however, applaud the attempt to give treatment a more empirical and research supported basis (Barlow, 1996; D. Chambless & Ollendick, 2001; Clement, 1996; Hayes, 1996; Kazdin & Weisz, 2003; Meehl, 1997; Nathan, 1996; Nathan & Gorman, 2002; Rehm, 1997; G. However, many psychologists feel that psychology is an important health care discipline in itself, offering potentially useful services beyond mental health issues (Belar, 1995; R. Obesity, smoking, and sedentary lifestyles have been associated with cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Although approximately half of all traffic accidents are associated with alcohol consumption (Center for Disease Control, 2000; National Center for Health Statistics, 2001; S. Taylor, 2003), an additional problem is that large numbers of Americans choose not to use seat belts (J. Overall, it has been estimated that about half of all deaths are caused by lifestyle factors under behavioral control (Center for Disease Control, 2000; Institute for the Future, 2000; S. Psychologists, it is argued, are excellent candidates to assist in research, teaching, public policy, and clinical practice to improve health promoting behaviors in the population and minimize health damaging behaviors. Therefore many have suggested that psychology be considered not only an independent mental health discipline but also an independent general health care discipline (Belar, 1995; R. Clinical psychology may be useful for a variety of health care behaviors including those not generally associated with mental illness. For example, a recent survey of over 200 diplomates in clinical psychology found that over 70% believed that the advent of free standing schools of psychology has been a negative influence on the profession (Plante et al. With the explosion of graduate students attending free standing professional schools of psychology and the emphasis on practitioner training (A. Shapiro & Wiggins, 1994), the proportion of psychologists conducting research and seeking academic careers relative to the total number of new psychologists has declined. Therefore, a smaller proportion of current and future psychologists will dedicate their careers to academic and research pursuits. Some have expressed concern that these shifts will result in a much more practice-oriented than science-oriented profession, thereby eroding the scientific base of clinical psychology (Rice, 1997). New discoveries, specializations, and the demands of society influence training as well. For example, efforts to obtain prescription privileges for psychologists mean that graduate and postgraduate training programs may need to provide comprehensive training in psychopharmacology and related areas. Training Issues As outlined earlier, training models in clinical psychology include the scientist-practitioner, or Boulder, model; the scholar-practitioner, or Vail, model; the PhD or the PsyD degree programs; and the university or the free standing professional school models. Today, within 30 years of the professional school movement, more than 50% of all doctorates awarded in clinical psychology are awarded from free standing professional schools of psychology rather than through more traditional university psychology training programs. Therefore, the types of training models and contexts have changed tremendously during the past several decades. Which training models will survive and thrive and which will not has important implications for the future of clinical psychology. Although this suggestion is not likely to be embraced by both research and practiceoriented psychologists who value the PhD degree, it does highlight the chasm between the science and practice of clinical psychology. The proliferation of free standing professional schools of psychology has been controversial. For instance, efforts to provide more training in brief and empirically supported treatments (Clement, 1996; CritsChristoph et al. Many psychologists have suggested that shifts in training models and focus must occur in order for clinical psychology to survive and thrive (Rice, 1997). Broskowski (1995) stated: "The dominant ideologies for training psychologists have not kept pace with contemporary realities. Training for clinical psychology is dominated either by a clinical practice model that stresses solo practice and traditional long-term therapy methods or a scientistprofessional paradigm geared to forms of basic research but not health services research. Fox, 1994; McDaniel, 1995; Resnick & DeLeon, 1995; VandenBos, 1993) suggest that psychology educators, for example, should train students to offer preventive care, short-term acute care, rehabilitation services, and long-term care for those dealing with chronic illnesses. Thus, the shift to primary care in the health field as opposed to narrowly defined mental health roles has been advocated by many (Belar, 1995; R. This emphasis has important implications for training programs and career options for psychologists. Furthermore, as clinical psychology has developed more integrative and biopsychosocial perspectives and is evolving toward more involvement in general health care, 459 training professionals in a one-dimensional theoretical orientation has become outdated. Kovacs (1996) states, "There are many ways that young professionals can find and create careers for themselves. Other trends in training include mandatory postdoctoral training and new joint degree programs.
There are patterns of behavior in children that can be identified as common (developmentally appropriate) and uncommon (red flags) in supervised visitation herbals on deck cheap slip inn 1pack on line. It is important for supervised visitation providers to know the types of uncommon behaviors that should be considered red flags herbals and warfarin purchase slip inn 1pack with visa. These could be as simple as being in the presence of the abuser or the smell of their clothes herbals summit 2015 cheap slip inn 1pack without prescription. In fact herbals that lower cholesterol 1pack slip inn sale, they should be part of the visitation program agreement so that they are transparent. Monitors and program directors are responsible for ensuring all rules are followed. Prior to facilitating visits in any sexual abuse case, monitors should know what abuse has been alleged. Knowing what has previously happened is important when monitors are preparing for visits. Monitors should review case files relevant to the abuse, and always document behavior that might be reason for concern. In addition, monitors should always consult with the supervisor or program director about parental or child behavior that raises concerns. In sexual abuse cases, it is crucial to have one visit monitor for each visiting family. If the family is large, monitors should consider using more than one monitor to ensure that all family members are supervised adequately. This is important because it allows monitors to focus on one family, reducing distractions while remaining in the room at all times. It is crucial for monitors to be able to see and hear all interactions between parent and child. Upholding this ratio will help children feel protected, the visiting parent become aware of the close monitoring, and for the court system to know that the child is being adequately protected. It is important for the monitor to have a fluent understanding of the language that the child and visiting parent will be using to communicate. If there is a need for sign-language interpreters or translation services, they should be scheduled and planned ahead of time. Language should be discussed during intake, and if the parent or child begins to use a language that is not understood by the monitor, an intervention should be made and a translator used Physical contact. Due to the nature of child sexual abuse cases, it is important for physical contact to be closely monitored between parent and child. In addition, visiting parents should be aware that there will be restrictions on the physical 393 contact between parent and child during visits to protect the child from victimization and the parent from false allegations of abuse. Physical contact should be brief and should only be, if at all, initiated by the child. However, any physical contact which appears inappropriate or sexualized must be stopped by staff immediately, even if the child does not appear distressed. The following types of physical contact should be prohibited: o Tickling o Lap-sitting o Wrestling o Prolonged hugging or kissing o Kissing on any area below the face o Stroking o Hand holding o Hair combing o Changing diapers or clothes these restrictions reduce the possibility of sexual abuse or physical abuse occurring during visits and of misinterpretations of parent-child contact. Whispering Passing notes Hand signals or body signals Photographing the child Audiotaping or videotaping the child o Exchanging gifts, money, or cards o Physical games. Monitors 394 should always be wary of unfamiliar behavior between the parent and the child and should make an effort to stop any communication that is not easily understood by others outside of the parent-child relationship. Secrets, private games between the parent and child, and other behavior that is unfamiliar to a monitor should trigger an intervention and redirection. Whenever a monitor intervenes in a visit, the intervention should be recorded in the case notes. It also reduces the opportunity for the perpetrator to bribe the child or influence his or her testimony 395 Toilet rules and restrictions. Programs should have written rules relating to the use of toilet facilities during visits, and parents and children should be made aware of these rules prior to the first visit. Children may not accompany their siblings or other children to the bathroom in these cases. Babies who wear diapers or training pants should be changed by staff in a room separate from the visiting parent. Parents should never be permitted to blame, tease, or scold the child about alleged abuse. Further, monitors should not allow parents to discuss alleged or confirmed abuse with children during visitation. Monitors should be mindful that additional precautions or rules may need to address specific dynamics in each case. Monitors should discuss sexual abuse cases with program directors to develop a case plan and rules for each case supervised in the agency. The most important safety precaution in sexual abuse cases is for monitors is to be continuously observant and to intervene in and record any suspicious behavior during visitation. Additionally, the chief judge of the circuit in which the program is located must affirm that the program has agreed to comply with the minimum standards mentioned in 753. The program must also have a written an agreement with the court and with the department that contains policies specifically related to child sexual abuse that include provisions for the following: o Staff who supervises visits must have specific training on child sexual abuse by the clearinghouse and that training must be documented in personnel files o the program must have protocols on how to obtain background material on the family prior to starting services o the program can only accept referrals for which the staff already has background material, training, and security in place to safely monitor visits o the program cannot accept referrals when staff lacks the education, training, background material, and the security necessary to ensure safety of the child. Topics to be included in this new training will include: the Impact of Child Sexual Abuse Human Trafficking Juvenile Sexual Offenders System Responses to Child Sexual Abuse Best Practices for Assessing Referrals Best Practices for Visits If, at any point during or following visitation, a monitor suspects or is made aware that a child has been abused or neglected by parents, caregivers, or any other adult in their life, they are mandated to report it to the Florida Department of Children and Families. Name, date of birth (or approximate us/ age), race, and gender for all adults and children involved Addresses for all involved, including location at the time of report Relationship of the alleged abuse to their victim 400 Definition of Abuse the Florida Abuse Hotline will accept a report only when: 1. There is reasonable cause to suspect that a child (any born, unmarried person less than 18 years of age who has not been emancipated by order of the court) 2. Who can be located in Florida, or is temporarily out of the state but is expected to return in the immediate future, 3. From a person responsible for the care of the child (such as a parent, legal custodian, adult household member, another adult, or another child who has taken responsibility for the child). False Reporting Any persons who make a report in good faith are immune from any civil or criminal liability. Any person who knowingly and willfully makes a false report has committed a felony in the third degree and are subject to up to 5 years in prison, five years of probation, and a $5,000 fine. False reports are those reports that are not true and are maliciously made for the purpose of: Failure to report known or suspected child abuse is now a third-degree felony offense. Harassing, embarrassing, or harming another person; Personal financial gain for the reporting person; Acquiring custody of a child; Personal benefit for the reporting person in any other private dispute involving the child. What is one of the first signs that a child has been hurt, and may indicate physical abuse? Which of the following is considered to be a protective factor that universally reduces the likelihood violence will occur in a family? Provides resources on many topics concerning child welfare, and includes best practices, fact sheets, and other publications that visitation monitors and programs can utilize. American Academy of Pediatrics website providing parenting advice and resources for every stage of development. Additional information about reporting child abuse, including an online reporting portal. Contextualizing the effects of childhood sexual abuse on adult self-and social functioning: An attachment theory perspective. What parents value from formal support services in the context of identified child abuse. Preventing Child Abuse Within Youth- Serving Organizations: Getting Started on Policies and Procedures. Victoria has a protection order against Tristan due to the history of domestic violence in their marriage. During their marriage, Tristan threatened Victoria with his hunting knife many times. At a visit, Tristan brings up hunting with his son and shows him pictures of his knives. Cole finds this story very exciting and asks his father if he can come hunting with him sometime. After completion of this chapter, you will be able to answer the following questions: What batterer characteristics are described here about Tristan? How should the supervised visitation monitor have handled this topic during the visit? Understanding the dynamics of domestic violence and how it affects children, victims, and perpetrators will allow programs to implement practices that best protect visiting families and staff members. The Florida Coalition Against Domestic Violence has a listing of Certified Domestic Violence Centers.
One of the most important things every American should remember is to treat the flag with respect herbs collision cheap slip inn 1pack on-line. According to an approved custom shivalik herbals generic slip inn 1pack overnight delivery, the Union (stars on blue field) is first cut from the flag; then the two pieces herbs nutrition generic 1pack slip inn otc, which no longer form a flag herbs provence generic 1pack slip inn amex, are burned. The Pledge of Allegiance I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. Preceding the page number, abbreviations refer to a chart (c), photograph or other picture (p), graph (g), cartoon (crt), painting (ptg). See American College Testing Proficiency Examination Program active listening, 497 actor-observer bias, 531, p532 addiction: to alcohol, 47778; to drugs, 202; to Internet, q7 adolescence, 92125; cognitive development, 10103; depression and suicide during, 11314; developmental tasks and, 95; difficulties during, 11215; divorce and, 540; eating disorders during, 11415; gender roles and differences, 11622; identification and, 58384; identity development, 10408; identity categories, 10607, c107; messiah complex during, 103; moral development during, 10304; nature of, q93; parenting styles and, 7980; personal development during, 10108; physical development during, 9598; rebellious teen, 110, crt111; role of family, 10910; role of peers, 11012; in Samoa, p108; sexual development during, 9899, crt98; social development during, 10915; storm and stress during, p94; theories of, 9495; troubled girls (reading), 91 adrenal gland, c100, 172; case of D. See also anxiety disorders anxiety disorders, 45559; generalized anxiety disorder, 456; obsessivecompulsive disorder, 45859; panic disorder, 45758; post-traumatic stress disorder, 459. See American Psychological Association applied science, 11 aptitude test, 36061 archetype, 384, p385 art therapy, 606 Asch experiment, 55657, g556, p557 644 Index Index Asian Americanscerebral cortex Asian Americans: stereotypes about, 530; in U. See also physical appearance bed-wetting, 246, c269 behavior: abnormal, p448; aggressive, 565. See also infants Babinski reflex, 62 balance theory, c585 Index 645 Index cerebrumcounterconditioning cerebrum, 16162 chaining, 256 Challenger explosion, p552 children: abuse of, 8081, 285; aggressive, 565; attractive vs. See classical conditioning; escape, 257; on human infant (case study), 249; operant, 50405. See also operant conditioning; token economy, 26465 conditions of worth, 395 cones, rods and, 215, c215 confabulation, 284 conflict: cooperation vs. See conflict situation conflict situation, 41416, c415; appraising, 416 conformity: Asch experiment on, 55657, g556, p557; case study on, 563; defined, 111, 556; group pressure for, 55658; laboratory peer pressure, crt559; reasons for, 55758. See also coping strategies coping strategies: active, 43235; cognitive appraisal, 431; defensive, 43132; psychological, 43135; types of, c431 corpus callosum, p161, 162; severed, p169; split-brain operations and, 16365, 169 (case study) correlation: coefficient, 52; defined, 39; explanations and, 39; illusory, 587; negative, 39, 52; positive, 39, 52; study, g39 cortical steroids, 172 counseling psychologist, 25, c489 counselors, c489; grief (reading), 48283. Zilstein experiment, 52022, g521 dreams, 188190; analysis of, crt17, 19, 495; content of, 189; daydreams, 190; Dreams No. See electroencephalograph ego, 380 egocentric, 73 egocentrism: adolescent, p102, 113; in children, 73; in parents, 79 ego-support value, 523 eidetic memory, 284 elaborative rehearsal, 287 elderly: Japanese respect for, 140; percentage in population, g142; quality of health care for, 139. See emotional intelligence Equal Pay Act of 1963, 442 escape conditioning, 257 escapist personality styles, 425 estrogen, 172 ethics: defined, 40; of Little Albert study, 249 ethnic groups, 22 ethology, human, 171 euphoria, opiates and, 201 eustress, 414 euthanasia, 148 Eve, personalities of, 46263, p463 existential intelligence, 350 expectancy-value theory of achievement, 325 Experiment in the Seventh Century B. See functional magnetic resonance imaging foot-in-the-door technique, 557, 593 forensic psychologist, 27, 615 forgetting, 28587 formal operations stage, 7475 Fraser s spiral, 208 free association, 1819; defined, 494; in Rat Man case study, 498 frequency curve. See also genes; heritability; inheritable traits Genie, language case study, 69 genital stage, 82 gerontology, 615 Gestalt: defined, 224; principles, c224 Gestalt psychology, 17, p18 glands: adrenal, c100, 172; duct, 171; ductless, 171; endocrine, 17172; hormone-releasing, c100; parathyroid, c100; pineal, c100, p172; pituitary, c100, 171, p172; salivary, 171; sex, 172; sweat, 171; tear, 171; thymus, c100; thyroid, c100, 17172, p172 graphic organizers, 629 grasping reflex, 62 Greeks, ancient: four humors 23, q363, c401; mental disorder diagnosis, 448 group: behavior. See also Social Readjustment Rating Scale homelessness, deinstitutionalization and, 508 homeostasis: biological motives and, 320; defined, 315; D. See also babies inferential statistics, 5354 inferiority complex, 385 information: acquiring practical, 89; organizing and analyzing, 62627; retrieving, 28288; taking in and storing, 27380 inheritable traits, 1617. See Rorschach test inoculation effect, 595 Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development (Galton), 17 insanity defense, 450 In the Shadow of Man (Goodall), q35 insight, 301, 494, 500 insomnia, 187 instinct theory of motivation, 314 institutionalization: long-term, 467. See also parents motion parallax, 228 motion sickness, 220 motivation: cognitive theory, 31617; defined, 314; drive-reduction theory, 31416; extrinsic, 31617; incentive theory, 316; instinct theory, 314; intrinsic, 31617; overjustification and, 317; theories of, 31317; unconscious, 1819. See also motives Motivation and Personality (Maslow), 393 motives: to avoid success, 325; biological, 32023; social, 32326. See autonomic nervous system; basic structure, 15559; brain and, 16068; central. See central nervous system; how it works, 15659; involuntary activities and, 15859; parasympathetic. See also imitation obsessive-compulsive disorder, 45859, c475; antidepressant drugs for, 508 occipital lobe, 162, p162; vision and, 215 occupation: high-stress, 426; male and female jobs by, g442. See also career; job; working Oedipus complex, 33 old age, 13743, q137; adjusting to , 141; attitudes toward, 138; dying and death, 14447; health changes and, 139, p139; life situation changes and, 13940; living arrangements, g151; mental functioning changes and, 14143; retirement and, 141; sexual activity changes and, 14041. See also aging operant conditioning, 25058, c251, 50405; chaining, 256; classical conditioning vs. See obesity P Pacific Islanders, 22 pain: gate control theory of, 22122; perceptions of, 22122; reduction of. See also extrasensory perception parasympathetic nervous system, p156, 15859; emotions and, 335 parent-child relationships, 53334; culture and, p534; parent-adolescent conflict, 534 parents: abusive, 8081; effect on children, 331, 385; attitude formation and, 579; language development and, 306, g311; parenting styles, 7980; uninvolved, 79 Parkinson s disease, 158 partial schedule of reinforcement, 253, c254 Pavlov s dog, 24245, 578 peer pressure, q109; laboratory, crt559 peers: attitude formation and, 579; role during adolescence, 11012, p112 percentile system, 346, g347 perception, 22331; constancy in, 229; defined, 208; depth, 22728; development of. See positron emission tomography phallic stage, 82 phobias: defined, 456; list of, c457; social, 457; specific, 457 phoneme, 305 phrenology, 1415, q14, p15 physical appearance: friendship and, 52324; personality traits and, 526; prejudice and, p525. See also research psychological tests, 34270; achievement tests, 36061; aptitude tests, 360; characteristics of, 34347; intelligence testing, 34857; interest tests, 36162; personality tests, 36368; taking, p344 psychologist: approaches, g513; behaviorist, 248; clinical, 25, c489, 607; community, 26; consulting, 608; consumer, p607; counseling, 25, c489; defined, 25; developmental, 26; educational, 26; employment of Index 653 Index psychologyschizophrenia Ph. See also entries for specific types of psychologists psychology: approaches to , 257; behavioral, 1920; biological, 21; careers in, 60308; challenges for, 61516; cognitive, 2021; contemporary approaches to , 1722, c21; contributions of, 61016; current trends, 61415; defined, 9; developmental, 61; fields of, 615; forensic, 615; future of, 616; goals of, 1012; history of. See history of psychology; humanistic, 20; industrial/organizational, 615; introducing, 631; as new science, p612; overview of, 912; post-war, 608; as profession, 2428; psychoanalytic, 1819; role in everyday living, 612; role in mental health, 61011; role in testing, 611; scientific basis of, 1213; significant dates in history of, c613; social, 519; sociocultural, 2122; specialty fields, 2528; sports, 615; today, 61216; what is? See also sexual maturation punishment, 25758 pupil, 215 research: experimental, c40; methods, 3741. See also research methods; pre-research decisions, 3637; problems and solutions, 4245; research report, writing, 627; samples, 3637; statistical evaluation, 4754; what is? See also support group self-hypnosis, 193 self-justification, 586 self-serving bias, 531 self theory (Rogers), 39596 semantic codes, 274 semantic memory, 279 semantics, 30506 semicircular canals, 220 senile dementia, 14243 sensation, 20713; defined, 208; kinesthetic, 214, 222; sensory adaptation, 21112; sensory differences and ratios, 21011; signal-detection theory, 21213; threshold, 20810; vision, 21518; what is? See also senses senses, c210; absolute thresholds, 209; balance, 220; body, 214, 222; hearing, 21819; kinesthetic, 214, 222; sight, 23637 (reading); skin, 22122; smell, 22021; taste, 22021; vestibular. See Social Readjustment Rating Scale stagnation, 135 standard deviation, g51, 52 standardization: norms and, 34647; test, 34547 Stanford-Binet intelligence scale, 35253; typical items, c353, p353 Index 655 Index startle reflexUtopia startle reflex, 62 state-dependent learning, 28485 statistical significance, 5354 statistics: baseball, 48; defined, 48; descriptive, 4852; inferential, 5354; interpreting, 621; lying with, q47 stereotype: defined, 530; gender, 117, p119; prejudice and, 58788; as schema, 530 stimulation value, 523 stimulus, 208, 578 stranger anxiety, 76 Strange Situation, 77 stratified sample, 37 stress: components of, 414; coping with, 43035. See also coping strategies; defined, 413; emotional, 426; environmental stressors, 41619; gender differences and, 429; health and, 41245; illusion of (case study), 436; immune system and, p426; irrational assumptions and, c433; job, 426, p428; life changes and, 41718; as mental tension, q413; personality differences and, 42728; physiological responses to , 420; psychosomatic symptoms and, 425; reactions to , 42029. See also stress reactions; road rage and, 427; social support and, 42829; sources of, 41319; stressful situations, 422, 432; students and, 43742; suffering from, p414; summary model, c434; trauma and, p459. See also thought thought: illogical processes, 50102; maladaptive patterns of, 50102, c501; memory and, 27291; origins of, q160; representational, 7273; units of, 29697. See also thinking Three Faces of Eve, The, 463 threshold: absolute, 209; difference, 210; sensation, 20810 thyroid gland, c100, 17172, p172 thyroxine, 17172 token economy, 26465, 505 tolerance: for alcohol, 477; defined, 476 tongue: human, c221; "on the tip of your," 282, 288 To See and Not See (Sacks), 23637 traits, crt399; cardinal, 400; central, 400; defined, 398; identifying, 400; inheritable, 1617; personality. See personality traits; secondary, 400; source, 401; surface, 401 trait theory of personality, 398403; dimensions of personality, 401, c401; identifying traits (Allport), 400; main ideas, c403; personality table, c401; robust five, 40102; sixteen trait theory, c400, 401; what is? See also post-traumatic stress disorder triangular theory of love, 537, c539 triarchic theory, 35051 Trukese tribe, intelligence and, q348, p348 twins: dizygotic, 176; fraternal, 176; identical, 175, p176; monozygotic, q174 two-factor theory, 349 T taste, sense of, c210, 22021 telegraphic speech, 67, 307 telepathy, 230, 609 television: quiz grades and, c48; violence and, 262 temporal lobe, p162 terrorism, 48283, p482, p483 test: objective, 364; projective, 36668; psychological. See psychological tests; reducing anxiety about, c368; reliability, 34445; standardization of, 34547; validity of, 345. See also eyes; sight visual cliff, p66 visual codes, 274 visualization, 615 withdrawal, 477 word salad, q465, 466 working: adjustment to , crt440; changing careers, 44041; comparable worth, 44142; enjoyment from, 441; male and female jobs by occupation, g442; satisfaction and dissatisfaction, 440; as stressor, 439; teenagers and, 103. See also shortterm memory World Trade Center, 48283 W Walden Two (Skinner), 20 war, post-traumatic stress disorder and, 459 Wasted (Hornbacher), 12627 Wave, the (Strasser), 57475 Weber s law, 211 Wechsler tests, 353, c354; reliability of (case study), 358 weight: genetics and, 323. Paul, 167 Budzynski, Thomas, 194 D Damasio, Antonio, 330, 373 Darwin, Charles, 330 Davis, Willie, 313 de Beauvoir, Simone, 613 De Bono, Edward, 298 Descartes, Renй, 15, 613 Dewey, John, 32 Dix, Dorothea, 487, 611 Doob, Leonard, 22 Dove, Adrian, 357 G Gage, Phineas, 166 Galen, 23, 401 Galilei, Galileo, 15 Galton, Francis (Sir), 1617, 175 Gardner, Allen, 66 Gardner, Beatrice, 66 Gardner, Howard, 34950 Gates, Bill, 386, 570 Geller, Uri, 609 Goodall, Jane, 3536 Gould, Elizabeth, 181 Greenspan, Dr. Stanley, 271 E Ekman, Paul, 331, 333 Index 657 Index G-Z Gross, Charles, 181 Gurian, Michael, 9091 L Landon, Alfred M. Stanley, 94 Harlow, Harry, 76, 315, 612 Harris, Judith Rich, 80, 112 Havighurst, Robert, 95 Herodotus, 4 Hilts, Philip, 292 Hinckley, John, 450 Hippocrates, 23, 160, 363 Hitler, Adolf, 145, 562 Hobbes, Thomas, 613 Holmes, David, 435 Holmes, Thomas H. Hobart, 246, 269 Murray, Henry, 367 I Itard, Jean-Marc-Gaspard, 5 Izard, Carroll, 33132 J James, William, 16, 19, 314, 332, 613 Jennings, Peter, 591 Johnson, Hugh, 476 Johnson, Virginia, 132 Jones, Mary Cover, 249 Jordan, Michael, 171 Jung, Carl, 33, 38485, 401, 449 N Newcomb, Theodore, 579 Newman, Frank, 271 O Odbert, H. John Hancock Center for Physical Activity and Nutrition at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts University Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention E ach year, we learn more about the tremendous health benefits of staying physically active and being properly nourished throughout our lives. The work of scientists, health professionals, and older adult volunteers has greatly increased our knowledge about the aging process and how we can maintain strength, dignity, and independence as we age. Essential to staying strong and vital during older adulthood is participation in regular strengthening exercises, which help to prevent osteoporosis and frailty by stimulating the growth of muscle and bone. Strength training exercises are easy to learn, and have been proven safe and effective through years of thorough research. Experts at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Tufts University, with the help of older adults, have created this book, Growing Stronger: Strength Training for Older Adults to help you become stronger and maintain your health and independence. I encourage you to read it carefully and begin using this strength training program as soon as possible. Director, National Center for Primary Care Morehouse School of Medicine United States Surgeon General, 1998-2002 growing Stronger Rebecca A. From the Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
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