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And medicine ball abs generic careprost 3ml with visa, of course treatment 32 for bad breath buy 3ml careprost fast delivery, he is not wrong symptoms heart attack order careprost 3 ml otc, for-although symptoms quiz purchase 3 ml careprost otc, deep down, he feels he is the most vain thing in existence, a Want-To-Be or a One-Too-Many-why would he sacrifice his difference (anything but that) to the jouissance of an Other, which, let us not forget, does not exist. Yes, but if by chance it was to exist [existait], it would enjoy it [ilenjouirait]. What analytic experience attests to is that castration is what regulates desire, in both normal and abnormal cases. Providing it oscillates by alternating between % and a in fantasy, castration makes of fantasy a chain that is both supple and inextensible by which the fix ation of object cathexis, which can hardly go beyond certain natural limits, takes on the transcendental function of ensuring the jouissance of the Other that passes this chain on to me in the Law. And then: to either realize himself as an object, turning himself into the mummy of some Buddhist initiation, or satisfy the will to castrate inscribed in the Other, which leads to the supreme narcissism of the Lost Cause (the latter being the path of Greek tragedy, which Claudel rediscovers in a Christianity of despair). Castration means that jouissance has to be refused in order to be attained on the inverse scale of the Law of desire. The Subversion of the Subject and the Dialectic of Desire [Endnote] yoi this article is coming out here for the first time: an unexpected shortage of the funds that are usually provided in ample quantity to publish the complete proceedings of such colloquia having left it in abeyance, along with all the fine things that adorned it. From the fellow feeling natural in any discussion, let us not exclude the fel low feeling aroused in me by a particular disagreement. The term "a-human," which someone wanted to attribute to what I had said, did not bother me in the least; I was flattered, rather, as I had helped occasion the birth of the new ele ment it brings to the category. I must admit that I appreciate humanism when it comes from a camp where, although employed with no less cunning than elsewhere, it at least has a certain candor about it: "When the miner comes home, his wife rubs him down. In a private conversation, someone close to me asked me (this was the form his question took) whether talking to a brick wall implied faith in an eternal scribe. Such faith is not necessary, was the reply, to whoever knows that every discourse derives its effects from the unconscious. Even when prostituted, psychoanalytic theory remains sanctimonious (a well-known characteristic of the brothel). I am referring here to the friend who invited me to this conference, after having, some months before, revealed in print his reservations-based on his personal ontology- about "psychoanalysts" who were too "Hegelian" for his liking, as if anyone in this group but me could even be associated with Hegel. This in the hodgepodge text of pages from his diary cast to the four winds (of chance, no doubt), from which a journal {La Nouvelle J02 Ecrits 7. Regarding which I pointed out to him that in the, even entertaining, terms in which he dressed up this ontology of his in his informal notes, I found its "certainly not, but perhaps" procedure designed to mislead. Position of the Unconscious Remarks made at the 1960 Bonneval Colloquium, rewritten in 1%4 Henri Ey-thanks to his authority which has made him the most influential figure in French psychiatric circles-brought together in his ward at Bon neval Hospital a very broad spectrum of specialists around the theme of the Freudian unconscious (October 30 to November 2, 1960). The talk given by my students Laplanche and Leclaire promoted at the colloquium a conception of my work which, since the talk was published in Les temps modernes, has become definitive, despite the divergence between their positions that was manifested therein. Interventions made at a colloquium, when there is something at stake in the debate, sometimes require a good deal of commentary to be situated. And once all the papers given there have been thoroughly rewritten, the task becomes an arduous one. Its interest wanes, moreover, with the time it takes to rewrite them, for one would have to replace it with what takes place during that time consid ered as logical time. The tran scripts of these interventions have been condensed by Jacques Lacan in these pages written at my request in March 1964. I hope the reader will allow that for me this logical time has been able to reduce the circumstances, in a text extracted from a more intimate gathering, to this mention of them. The unconscious is a concept founded on the trail [trace] left by that which operates to constitute the subject. The unconscious is not a species defining the circle of that part of psychi cal reality which does not have the attribute (or the virtue) of consciousness. The importance I attribute to language as the cause of the subject requires that I be more specific: aberrations abound when the concept "unconscious" is depreciated by being applied ad libitum to phenomena that can be classified under the homonymous species. It is unthinkable that the concept might be restored on the basis of these phenomena. Let me specify my own position concerning the equivocation to which the "is" and "is not" of my initial positions might give rise. The unconscious is what I say it is, assuming we are willing to hear what Freud puts forward in his theses. Saying that for Freud the unconscious is not what goes by that name in other contexts would be of little value if what I meant were not grasped: the unconscious, prior to Freud, is not purely and simply. The unconscious before Freud has no more consistency than this unblack-namely, the set of what could be classified according to the various meanings of the word "black," by dint of its refusal of the attribute (or virtue) of blackness (whether physical or moral). What, indeed, could the following possibly have in common-to take the eight definitions collated by Dwelshauvers in a book that is old (1916), but not so far out-of-date that, were such a catalogue to be prepared anew today, its heterogeneity would not be diminished: the sensory unconscious (implied by the so-called optical effects of contrast and illusion); the automatic uncon scious developed by habit; the co-consciousness ( This error consists in taking the very phenomenon of consciousness to be unitary, speaking of the same consciousness-believed to be a synthetic faculty-in the illuminated area of a sensory field, in the attention that transforms it, in the dialectic of judgment, and in ordinary day dreaming. This error is based on the undue transfer to these phenomena of the value of a thought experiment that uses them as examples. The Cartesian cogito is the major, and perhaps terminal, feat of this exper iment in that it attains knowledge certainty. But it merely indicates all the more clearly just how privileged the moment upon which it is based is, and how fraudulent it is to extend its privilege to phenomena endowed with con sciousness, in order to grant them a status. For science, the cogito marks, on the contrary, the break with every assur ance conditioned by intuition. The negation inherent in psychology in this regard should rather, following Hegel, be chalked up to the law of the heart and the frenzy of self-conceit. The credit granted to this perpetuated presumption, to consider only what it receives by way of scientific honors, raises the question of where its value is situated; it cannot come down to the mere publication of more or less copi ous treatises. Psychology transmits ideals: the psyche therein no longer represents any thing but the sponsorship that makes it qualify as academic. A certain kind of progress in our own society illustrates this, when psy chology not only furnishes the means, but even defers to the wishes of market research. When a market study had concluded upon the proper means by which to yo6 Ecrits sustain consumption in the U. Perhaps psychology reveals, through this ironic channel, why it has always subsisted. But scientists may recall that the ethics implicit in their training commands them to refuse all such blatant ideology. The unconscious as understood by psychologists is thus debilitating for thought, due to the very credence thought must lend it in order to argue against it. Now the debates that have taken place during this colloquium have been remarkable in that they have constantly turned to the Freudian concept in all its difficulty, and have derived their very strength from this difficulty. The aversion everything coming from Freud meets with in their community has been plainly avowed, especially by a subset of the psychoanalysts present. No more than can another fact: that it is due to my teaching that this collo quium has reversed the trend. I am saying this not merely to make mention of the fact-many have done so-but also to note that this obliges me to account for the paths I have followed. What psychoanalysis finds itself enjoined to do when it returns to the fold of "general psychology" is to sustain what deserves to be exposed-right here and not in the far-off realms of our former colonies-as primitive men tality. For the kind of interest that psychology comes to serve in our present society, of which I have given an idea, finds therein its advantage. Psychoanalysis thus underwrites it by furnishing an astrology that is more decent than the one to which our society continues to surreptitiously sacrifice. I thus consider justified the prejudice psychoanalysis encounters in East ern Europe. It was up to psychoanalysis not to deserve that prejudice, as it was possible that, presented with the test of different social exigencies, psy choanalysis might have proved less tractable had it received harsher treat ment. Psychoanalysis would have done better to examine its ethics and learn from the study of theology, following a path indicated by Freud as unavoid able. At the very least, its deontology in science should make it realize that it is responsible for the presence of the unconscious in this field. This function was served by my students at this colloquium, and I con tributed thereto in accordance with the method that I have constantly Position of the Unconscious 707 adopted on such occasions, situating each in his position in relation to the subject. It would be of some interest, if only to the historian, to have the transcripts of the talks actually given, even if they were cut where blanks appeared due to defects in the recording devices. They underscore the absence of he whose services designated him as the person who could highlight with the greatest tact and accuracy the detours of a moment of combat in a place where ideas were exchanged-his connections, his culture, and even his social savvy allowing him to understand better than anyone else the recordings with their intonations.
Plants have also been extensively damaged by browsing deer symptoms 0f diabetes safe 3ml careprost, but mammal repellent has been effective (Ag Handbook 450) symptoms 1974 generic 3ml careprost amex. Complete list of references for Duke treatment juvenile rheumatoid arthritis cheap careprost 3 ml, Handbook of Energy Crops q Last update July 3 spa hair treatment discount careprost 3 ml without prescription, 1996. When leaves are near fully grown they are tied together near the top, and plants are banked with straw and soil - or other material - to blanch the leaf stalks or petioles. Caricaceae Green papaya, Melon fruit, Melon pawpaw, Papaya, Papaw, Paw-paw, Solo papaya We have Papaya information from several sources: Papaya-Julia Morton, Fruits of Warm Climates Tropical Fruits-Mary Lamberts and Jonathan H. Papaya Information from the University of California Fruit & Nut Research and Information Center. Caricaceae Mountain Papaya, Mountain Papaw, Chamburo We have information from several sources: South American Fruits Deserving Further Attention-Richard J. Apocynaceae Carissa, Natal plum We have information from several sources: Carissa-Julia Morton, Fruits of warm climates Food and feed crops of the United States-Magness, J. The leaves, which are from 1 1/2 to 3 inches long, generally remain on the vine during the winter. The bright-yellow funnel-shaped flowers, which appear from January to April, are very fragrant but poisonous. In August to September the small purple flowers are borne, 5 to 10 in a head, in branched, rather flat-topped clusters. University of Georgia Walnut Crop Information University of California Davis. Midwest Vegetable Production Guide for Commercial Growers 2000 Carrots production links Magness, J. Asteraceae Safflower, False saffron We have information from several sources: Safflower:-Alternative Field Crops Manual, University of Wisconson Cooperative Extension Service, University of Minnesota Extension Service, Center for Alternative Plant & Animal Products Safflower Management and Adaptation for the High Plains-David D. Baltensperger, Glen Frickel, Drew Lyon, Jim Krall, and Tom Nightingale the Western Regional Plant Introduction Station: A Source of Germplasm for New Crop Development-V. Clark Alternate Crops for Dryland Production Systems in Northern Idaho-Kenneth D. Auld New Crops for Canadian Agriculture-Ernest Small Evaluation of Safflower Germplasm for Ornamental Use-Vicki L. Safflower-by Li Dajue, Hans-Henning Mundel-Link to the publication on the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute web site. They are not grown commercially for the nuts, but some quantities are harvested from native or ornamental trees. The nut is encased in a fleshy husk which becomes fibrous and opens as the nuts mature. It is native in the lower Mississippi Valley and westward through Texas, and in northern Mexico. Leaves are large and compound, with a dozen or more long-oval, near glabrous leaflets. The rather thin leaves are from 2 to 6 inches long and about 1 to 3 inches wide, somewhat hairy on the lower surface and rather prominently veined. The small, insignificant greenish flowers are produced in clusters and are followed by black, 3-seeded berries of a somewhat insipid taste. In the cascara district several other species of Rhamnus occur which are not commercially important, but their Figure 35. The collecting season opens about the end of May and closes before the rainy season sets in, as bark collected after exposure to wet weather is difficult to cure properly. The strips of bark after removal from the trees are dried in such a way that the inner surface is not exposed to the sunlight, in order to retain its yellow color. If collectors in removing the bark allow enough to remain to prevent the tree from dying it will develop new bark, thus prolonging the natural supply of this valuable drug which is gradually being exhausted. Aronson, and Yosef Mizrahi New Crops as a Possible Solution for the Troubled Israeli Export Market-Y. The cassia of commerce, quite similar to cinnamon, is the ground, dried bark of the tree; while cassia buds are the dried, immature fruits harvested when about one-fourth their full size. The buds are used as a spice, mainly in confections, while the powdered bark is used in cookery, often as a substitute for cinnamon, which is more expensive. References Uses Widely planted as a handsome ornamental tree, the plant is being considered as a firewood source in Mexico. The drug "cassia fistula", a mild laxative, is obtained from the sweetish pulp around the seed. Folk Medicine According to Hartwell (1967-1971), the plants are used in folk remedies for tumors of the abdomen, glands, liver, stomach, and throat, cancer, carcinomata, and impostumes of the uterus. Reported to be aperient, astringent, laxative, purgative, and vermifuge, Indian laburnum is a folk remedy for burns, cancer, constipation, convulsions, delirium, diarrhea, dysuria, epilepsy, gravel. Ayurvedic medicine recognizes the seed as antibilious, aperitif, carminative, and laxative, the root for adenopathy, burning sensations, leprosy, skin diseases, syphilis, and tubercular glands, the leaves for erysipelas, malaria, rheumatism, and ulcers, the buds for biliousness, constipation, fever, leprosy, and skin disease, the fruit for abdominal pain, constipation, fever, heart disease, and leprosy. Yunani use the leaves for inflammation, the flowers for a purgative, the fruit as antiinflammatory, antipyretic, abortifacient, demulcent, purgative, refrigerant, good for chest complaints, eye ailments, flu, heart and liver ailments, and rheumatism, though suspected of inducing asthma. Konkanese use the juice to alleviate ringworm and blisters caused by the marking nut, a relative of poison ivy. Leaf poultices are applied to the chilblains so common in the upper Sind; also used in facial massage for brain afflictions, and applied exter- nally for paralysis and rheumatism, also for gout. Rhodesians use the pulp for anthrax, blood poisoning, blackwater fever, dysentery, and malaria. Gold Coast natives use the pulp from around the seed as a "safe and useful purgative" (Kirtikar and Basu, 1975). Throughout the Far East, the uncooked pulp of the pods is a popular remedy for constipation, thought to be good for the kidneys "as those who use it much remain free of kidney stones" [Heyne as cited in Perry (1980)]. In the West Indies, the pulp and/or leaves are poulticed onto inflamed viscera. The bark and leaves are used for skin diseases: flowers used for fever, root as a diuretic, febrifuge; for gout and rheumatism. Chemistry According to Roskoski et al (1980), studying Mexican material, the seeds contain 5. Flowers contain ceryl alcohol, kaempferol, rhein, and a bianthroquinone glycoside, which on hydrolysis, yields fistulin and rhamnose. The rootbark contains tannin, phlobaphenes, and oxyanthraquinone substances, which probably consist of emodin and chrysophanic acid; also contains (bark and heartwood) fistuacacidin, barbaloin, and rhein. Flowers yellow, in long drooping terminal clusters (racemes); petals 5, yellow; sepals 5, green, the individual flower stalks 3-6 cm long. Distribution Native of tropical Asia, widely cultivated and naturalized in the tropics including West Indies and continental tropical America. Ecology Ranging from Tropical Thorn to Moist through Subtropical Thorn to Moist Forest Life Zones, Indian laburnum is reported to tolerate precipitation of 4. Cultivation Although soaking the seeds in sulfuric acid results in highest germination, puncturing the seed coat proved to be the simplest, most effective method to break dormancy in Mexican studies. Seedlings planted in plastic bags containing 7 kg soil, survived transplant quite well. Seeds soaked in water alone failed to germinate, but soaking in acid for 20 minutes resulted in 84% germination. It is usually more practical to harvest in the dry season, making it easier to suncure or airdry the timber or bark. Besides other farm duties tend to be less pressing then, at least in the garden, once irrigation is accomplished. Simple phenolic compounds, tannins, quinones and derivatives occur in the overlapping cortical root cells. It is assumed that these cell layers present a physicochemical barrier because of their role in thwarting nematode gall formation (Allen and Allen, 1981). Agriculture Handbook #165 reports the tarspot, Phyllachora canafistulae, in Maryland, near its northern limit. Coleoptera, Acmaeodera stictipennis, Adoretus bimarginatus, Adoretus caliginosus, Adoretus lasiopygus, Anomala bengalensis, Anomala polita, Anomala rugosa, Anomala tristis, Apogonia villosella, Aristobia approximator, Bruchus pisorum, Caryedon serratus Cephaloserica thomsoni, Colasposoma semicostatum, Holotrichia problematica, Hypomeces squamosus, Idionycha excisa, Myllocerus pubescens, Schizonycha ruficollis, Sophrops cotesi, Steraspis speciosa.
Indeed symptoms 5 weeks 3 days buy careprost 3 ml on line, the act of deceit is as clearly known from the outset as the plotting of the culprit and its effects on his victim medicine vs nursing buy 3 ml careprost. The problem treatment vaginal yeast infection purchase careprost 3ml with amex, as it is exposed to us symptoms 1 week after conception generic 3ml careprost, is limited to the search for the deceitfully acquired object, for the purposes of restitution; and it seems quite intentional that the solution is already known when it is explained to us. However much credit we may give the conventions of a genre for arousing a specific interest in the reader, we should not forget that the "Dupin tale"-this being the sec ond to come out-is a prototype, and that since it receives its genre only from die first, it is a little too early for the author to play on a convention. For that would be a lure which, personally, I would never recommend anyone try, lest he be disappointed at having trusted in it. Is there then no other mystery here than incompetence resulting in failure on the part of the Prefect of Police I would be all the more inclined to think so in that, along with my readers, I would find anew here the definition I once gave, somewhere in passing, of the modern hero, "represented by ridiculous feats in situations of confusion. That was a joke, yet it makes us note, by way of contrast, so perfect a verisimilitude in this tale that it may be said that truth here reveals its fictional ordering. For this is certainly the pathway along which the reasons for this verisimil itude lead us. Entering first into its procedure, we perceive, in effect, a new 17 12 Ecrits 18 19 drama that I would call complementary to the first, since the first was what is termed a silent drama whereas the interest of the second plays on the proper ties of discourse. The first dialogue-between the Prefect of Police and Dupin-is played out as if it were between a deaf man and one who hears. That is, it represents the veritable complexity of what is ordinarily simplified, with the most con fused of results, in the notion of communication. This example demonstrates how communication can give the impression, at which theorists too often stop, of conveying in its transmission but one mean ing, as though the highly significant commentary into which he who hears integrates it could be considered neutralized because it is unperceived by he who does not hear. But the report then turns out to be more fruitful than it seems, provided we demonstrate its procedure, as we shall see by confining our attention to the recounting of the first scene. If, indeed, the extremity to which the original narrator is reduced precludes her altering any of the events, we would be wrong to believe that the Prefect is authorized to lend her his voice here only owing to the lack of imagination for which he holds, as it were, the patent. The fact that the message is retransmitted in this way assures us of some thing that is absolutely not self-evident: that the message truly belongs to the dimension of language. Those who are here are familiar with my remarks on the subject, specifi cally those illustrated by the counterexample of the supposed language of bees, in which a linguist4 can see nothing more than a signaling of the location of Seminar on "The Purloined Letter" 13 objects-in other words, an imaginary function that is simply more differen tiated than the others. Let me emphasize here that such a form of communication is not absent in man, however evanescent the natural pregivenness [donnenaturel of objects may be for him due to the disintegration they undergo through his use of symbols. Something equivalent may, in effect, be grasped in the communion estab lished between two people in their hatred directed at a common object, with the proviso that this can never occur except in the case of one single object, an object defined by the characteristics of (the) being that each of the two refuses to accept. This is why it can bring together an indef inite number of subjects in a common "ideal"; the communication of one sub ject with another within the group thus constituted will nonetheless remain irreducibly mediated by an ineffable relation. This excursion is not merely a reminder here of principles distantly addressed to those who tax me with neglecting nonverbal communication; in determining the scope of what discourse repeats, it prepares the question of what symptoms repeat. Thus the indirect relating [of the first scene] clarifies the dimension of lan guage, and the general narrator, by redoubling it, "hypothetically" adds noth ing to it. For the latter is opposed to the first like the poles in language that I have distinguished elsewhere and that are opposed to each other like word to speech. Which is to say that we shift here from the field of accuracy to the register of truth. Now this register-I dare think I need not go back over this-is situ ated somewhere else altogether: at the very foundation of intersubjectivity. It is situated where the subject can grasp nothing but the very subjectivity that con stitutes an Other as an absolute. I shall confine my attention, in order to indi cate its place here, to evoking the dialogue which seems to me to warrant its attribution as a Jewish joke due to the nakedness with which the relation between the signifier and speech appears in the entreaty which brings it to a head: "Why are you lying to me It is so convincing that we are momentarily persuaded that the prestidigitator has in fact demonstrated, as he promised he would, how his trick was performed, whereas he has only performed it anew in a purer form; this moment makes us appreciate the supremacy of the signifier in the subject. This is how Dupin operates when he starts with the story of the child prodigy who takes in all his classmates at the game of even or odd with his trick of identifying with his opponent, concerning which I have shown that he cannot reach the first level of its mental elaboration-namely, the notion of intersubjective alternation-without immediately being tripped up by the stop of its recurrence. And then to Chamfort, whose maxim that "the odds are that every idea embraced by the public, every accepted convention, is foolish, since it suits the greatest number" will indubitably satisfy all those who think they escape its law, that is, precisely, the greatest number. The fact that Dupin taxes the French with dishonesty when they apply the word "analysis" to algebra has little chance of threatening our pride when, moreover, the freeing of that term for other ends implies nothing that should stop a psychoanalyst from consid ering himself in a position to assert his rights to it. Let us thus detect his track [depistons safoulee] where it throws us off track [depute]. We already saw it surface in those furtive gibes the Prefect, in the first conversation with Dupin, paid no mind, finding in them only a pre text for hilarity. The fact that it is, as Dupin insinuates, because a problem is too simple, indeed too self-evident, that it may appear obscure, will never have any more impact on him than a somewhat vigorous rub of the ribcage. This is powerfully articulated in the claim that he and his henchmen will never conceive of any thing beyond what an ordinary rascal might imagine for hiding an object- that is, precisely the all-too-well-known series of extraordinary hiding places, running the gamut from hidden desk drawers to removable tabletops, from the unstitched upholstery of chairs to their hollowed-out legs, and from the back side of the quicksilvering of mirrors to the thickness of book bindings. We were to understand this-regarding the field in which 22 23 i6 Ecrits 24 the police, not without reason, assumed the letter must be found-in the sense of an exhaustion of space, which is no doubt theoretical but which we are expected to take literally if the story is to have its piquancy. The division of the entire surface into numbered "compartments," which was the principle governing the operation, is presented to us as so accurate that "the fiftieth part of a line," it is said, could not escape the probing of the investigators. Let us say that these relations are singuliers (singular), for they are the very same ones that the signifier maintains with location. You realize that my intention is not to turn them into "subtle" relations, that my aim is not to confuse letter with spirit [esprit], even when we receive the former by pneumatic dispatch, and that I readily admit that one kills if the other gives life, insofar as the signifier-you are perhaps beginning to catch my drift-materializes the instance of death. But whereas it is first of all the materiality of the signifier that I have emphasized, that materiality is singular in many ways, the first of which is not to allow of partition. Cut a letter into small pieces, and it remains the letter that it is-and this in a completely dif ferent sense than Gestalttheorie can account for with the latent vitalism in its notion of the whole. Indeed, it is here that spirit-if spirit be living signification-seems, no less singularly, to allow for quantification more than the letter does. But as for the letter itself, whether we take it in the sense of a typographi cal element, of an epistle, or of what constitutes a man of letters, we commonly say that what people say must be understood a la lettre (to the letter or liter ally), that a letter is being held for you at the post office, or even that you are well versed in letters-never that there is (some amount of) letter [de la let tre] anywhere, whatever the context, even to designate late mail. For the signifier is a unique unit of being which, by its very nature, is the symbol of but an absence. This is why we cannot say of the purloined letter that, like other objects, it must be or not be somewhere but rather that, unlike them, it will be and will not be where it is wherever it goes. We are spared none of the details concerning the procedures used in searching the space subjected to their investigation: from the division of that space into volumes from which the slightest bulk cannot escape detection, to needles prob ing soft cushions, and, given that they cannot simply sound the hard wood [for cavities], to an examination with a microscope to detect gimlet-dust from any holes drilled in it, and even the slightest gaping in the joints [of the furniture]. But the seekers have such an immutable notion of reality [reel] that they fail to notice that their search tends to transform it into its object-a trait by which they might be able to distinguish that object from all others. This would no doubt be too much to ask them, not because of their lack of insight but rather because of ours. For their imbecility is of neither the indi vidual nor the corporate variety; its source is subjective. It is the imbecility of the realist who does not pause to observe that nothing, however deep into the bowels of the world a hand may shove it, will ever be hidden there, since another hand can retrieve it, and that what is hidden is never but what is not in its place [manque a sa place], as a call slip says of a volume mislaid in a library. And even if the book were on an adjacent shelf or in the next slot, it would be hid den there, however visible it may seem there. For it can literally [a la lettre] be said that something is not in its place only of what can change places-that is, of the symbolic. For the real, whatever upheaval we subject it to , is always and in every case in its place; it carries its place stuck to the sole of its shoe, there being nothing that can exile it from it. Now, to return to our policemen, how could they have grasped the letter 25 18 Ecrits when they took it from the place where it was hidden What were they turn ing over with their fingers but something that did not jit the description they had been given of it A different cipher on a seal [cachet] of another color and the distinctive mark [cachet] of a different handwriting in the super scription served as the most inviolable of hiding places [cachettes] here. Its message, as it is often said, an answer pleasing to our amateur cybernetic streak But does it not occur to us that this message has already reached its addressee and has even been left behind along with the insignificant scrap of paper, which now represents it no less well than the original note And the mobilization of the elegant society, whose frolics we are following, would have no meaning if the letter limited itself to having but one. Announcing that meaning to a squad of cops would hardly be an adequate means of keeping it secret. The sequence of events would not be appreciably affected, not even if the letter were strictly incomprehensible to a reader not in the know.
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The dialectic of fan tasy objects promoted in practice by Melanie Klein tends to be translated in the theory in terms of identification medicine 3x a day trusted careprost 3ml. For these objects medications that cause constipation cheap careprost 3 ml with visa, whether part-objects or not symptoms yeast infection women buy 3 ml careprost otc, but certainly signifying objects-the breast symptoms women heart attack buy discount careprost 3ml online, excrement, and the phallus-are no doubt won or lost by the subject; he is destroyed by them or preserves them, but above all he is these objects, according to the place where they function in his fundamental fan tasy. This form of identification merely demonstrates the pathology of the path down which the subject is pushed in a world where his needs are reduced to exchange values-this path itself finding its radical possibility only in the mortification the signifier imposes on his life by numbering it. It would seem that the psychoanalyst, if he is simply to help the subject, must be spared this pathology, which, as we see, depends on nothing less than an iron-clad law. Indeed, is it not happiness that people ask him for, and how could he give it, commonsense asks, if he does not have a bit of it himself It is a fact that we do not proclaim our incompetence to promise happiness in an era in which the question of how to gauge it has become so complicated- in the first place, because happiness, as Saint-Just said, has become a political factor. It is certainly in the relation to being that the analyst has to find his oper ating level, and the opportunities training analysis offers him for this purpose are not only to be calculated as a function of the problem which is supposedly already resolved for the analyst who is guiding him. If one is attuned to the resonance of earlier work, one cannot fail to be struck by the decline in analytic speculation, especially in this area. Because they understand a lot of things, analysts on the whole imagine that to understand is an end in itself, and that it can only be a happy end. To think, it is often better not to understand; and one can gallop along, under standing for miles and miles, without the slightest thought being produced. A sample of the kind of morality we are capable of producing is provided by the notion of oblativity. This leaves some hope that, if one makes them think about it by taking it up again, they will come to rethink it. Everything that can be said about the association of ideas is mere dressing up in psychologistic clothing. Induced plays on words are far removed from it; because of their protocol, moreover, nothing could be less free. The subject invited to speak in analysis does not really display a great deal of freedom in what he says. Not that he is bound by the rigor of his associa- the Direction of the Treatment and the Principles of Its Power 5i5 tions: they no doubt oppress him, but it is rather that they lead to a free speech, a full speech that would be painful to him. For it would become entirely true if it were said, and Lord knows what happens when something can no longer be cast into doubt because it is true. I can already hear the philistines whispering about my intellectualistic analyses: whereas I, to the best of my knowledge, am at the very forefront in preserving what is unsayable there. I know better than anyone that we listen for what lies beyond discourse, if only I take the path of hearing, not that of auscultating. The fact remains that what I hear is a discourse, even if it is as seemingly nondiscursive as an interjection. It is a part of speech that is just as important as any other in its syntactic effects in a given language [langue]. In what I indubitably hear, I have nothing to find fault with if I understand none of it, or if I do understand something I am sure to be mistaken. Of course, his demand is deployed against the backdrop of an implicit demand, the one for which he is here: the demand for me to cure him, to reveal him to himself, to introduce him to psychoanalysis, to help him qualify as an analyst. His present demand has noth ing to do with that-it is not even his own, for after all I am the one who offered to let him speak. Ida Macalpine is no doubt right in wanting to seek the motor force of trans ference in the fundamental rule of psychoanalysis alone. But she errs in attributing the unobstructed path toward infantile regression to the absence of all objects [20]. This would rather seem to be an obstacle thereto, for, as everyone knows-child analysts more than anyone-it takes a lot of little objects to keep up a relationship with a child. By means of demand, the whole past begins to open up, right down to ear liest infancy. The subject has never done anything but demand, he could not have survived otherwise, and we take it from there. This is the way that analytic regression can occur and does in fact present itself. It differs, in any case, from what is usually observed in what passes for regression. For regression displays nothing other than a return to the present of signifiers used in demands that have exceeded their statute of limitations. To return to our point of departure, this situation explains primary trans ference and the love by which it is sometimes declared. But he does not even give him this nothing, and it is better that way- which is why he is paid for this nothing, preferably well paid, in order to show that otherwise it would not be worth much. It may be objected that the analyst nevertheless gives his presence, but I believe that his presence is initially implied simply by his listening, and that this listening is simply the condition of speech. Why would analytic technique require that he make his presence so discreet if this were not, in fact, the case In any case, the most acute sense of his presence is tied to a moment at which the subject can only remain silent-that is, when he backs away from even the shadow of demand. Needs become subordinate to the same conventional conditions as does the signifier in its double register: the synchronic register of opposition between irreducible elements, and the diachronic register of substitution and combi nation, through which language, while it does not fulfill all functions, structures everything in interpersonal relations. The superego is not, of course, the source of reality, as he says somewhere, but it lays down its pathways, before refinding in the unconscious the first ideal marks in which the tendencies are con stituted as repressed in the substitution of the signifier for needs. There is thus no need to look any further for the mainspring of identifi cation with the analyst. That identification may assume very different forms, but it will always be an identification with signifiers. But, as I will explain later, he must respond to them only from his position in the transference. But we need no particular political regime for that which is not forbidden to become obligatory. Analysts who might be said to be fascinated by the consequences of frus tration merely maintain a position of suggestion that reduces the subject to going back through his demand. Goodness is no doubt more necessary there than it is elsewhere, but it can not cure the evil it engenders. The analyst who wants what is good for the sub ject repeats what he was trained in and sometimes even twisted by. A theory of analysis is conceived, which-unlike the delicate articulation of Freudian analysis-reduces the mainspring of symptoms to fear. It engenders a practice on which what I have elsewhere called the obscene, ferocious figure of the superego is stamped, and in which there is no other way out of transfer ence neurosis than to sit the patient down by the window and point out the bright side of things to him, adding: "Go for it. For we must read the Traumdeutung [The Interpretation of Dreams] to know what is meant by what Freud calls "desire" there. We must pause at the vocable Wunsch, and its English translation, "wish,"* to distinguish them from the French desir [desire], given that the sound of damp firecrackers with which the German and English words fizzle out suggests any thing but concupiscence. A lady may have a dream that is motivated by no other desire than to provide Freud, who has explained to her his theory that dreams are desires, with proof that they are nothing of the kind. What we must keep in mind here is that this desire is articulated in a very cunning discourse. For he takes its eccentricity still further, since a dream of being punished may, if it likes, signify a desire for what the punishment suppresses. But let us not stop at the labels on the drawers, although many people con fuse them with the fruits of science. What we thus find is in no way microscopic, no more than there is any need of special instruments to recognize that a leaf has the structural features of the plant from which it has been detached. Even if one had never seen a plant with its leaves, one would realize at once that a leaf is more likely to be part of a plant than a piece of skin. While con ceptualizing the exercise of those powers, I nevertheless leave them with their work cut out for them. Let me recall to mind here the automatic functioning of the laws by which the following are articulated in the signifying chain: (a) the substitution of one term for another to produce a metaphorical effect; (b) the combination of one term with another to produce a metonymical effect [17].
